St Francis of Assisi


An extended project: the life of St Francis of Assisi, followed by a look at the Franciscans in England.

Useful reference works are Francis of Assisi by William R Cook, The Franciscans in England by John Moorman, and, above all, The Life of St Francis by Saint Bonaventure. I have also included extracts from the first biography of St Francis by Thomas of Celano, and from the 14th century text The Little Flowers of St Francis.

 I am starting here with the childhood of Francis.
  He was born in Assisi in late 1181 or early 1182. His family was wealthy. His father, Pietro di Bernardone dei Moriconi, was a silk merchant and his mother was a French noblewoman. Francis was born when his father was away in France, and was baptised Giovanni, but it seems that his father was not keen on this, and on his return renamed him Francesco. After all, the child’s mother was French, and his father’s business was very successful in France.


Above is a 17th century church, the Chiesa Nuova, said to be built on the site of the home of the Bernardones. The house was apparently found in a ruinous condition on a visit to Assisi by Antonio de Trejo, the Spanish Vicar General of the Franciscans. Money was raised, much of it from the king of Spain, and the church was completed in 1615. There are what are said to be remnants of the house remaining as part of the church. The room shown below, beneath the church, is thought to be a warehouse where cloth was worked on, stored and sold. It is now an oratory.
  I will return to the Chiesa Nuova on the next page.

  A somewhat unconvincing legend is attached to the actual birth of Francis: an attempt to mark him out as the second Christ, Franciscus alter Christus. It tells us that his mother, while in labour, was unable to deliver him. A mysterious figure appeared and told her that birth could only happen in a stable. She crossed the street, entered a stable in which there was an ox and an ass, and the birth was accomplished.
  The stable has now become a small church, San Francesco Piccolino, shown below.

Below is the cathedral of Assisi, San Rufino, dating from 1140. It became an important location for Francis, who frequently preached here. He was baptised here in 1182: the font that was used is still here.





2: Some important locations


3: San Damiano

4: The early years

5: Legends of a lifetime

6: The Stigmata

7: The Death of Francis



8: The Poor Clares

9: The Frari, Venice

10: Santa Croce Florence

11:San Francesco Montefalco

12: The Franciscans in England 1

13: The Franciscans in England 2
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